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Preface | Ch1 | Ch2 | Ch3 | Ch4 | Ch5 | Ch6 | Ch7 | Ch8 | Ch9 |Biographies

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF DAVIESS COUNTY

WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP.


THE AIKMAN FAMILY. The history of Daviess County, Ind., would be incomplete without a detailed sketch of the above-named family; not because they have been holders or aspirants of office, or have urged themselves upon the notice of the citizens of their county, but because from their earliest settlement in this county, in the person of John Aikman, they have been promoters of the advancement and well-being of the community in which they have resided, largely by their liberality, industry, and public enterprise, which, as a whole, are the predominant characteristics of the family. They have represented the county from its very earliest settlement, and have been identified with her in all the progress she has made, and as early pioneers and citizens of a late date, have endured their full share of hardships, and assisted in leveling the sturdy oak, and clearing and developing farms. James Aikman and his descendants constitute one branch of the family. James is the eldest of twelve children—five brothers and two sisters now living—born to the marriage of John Aikman and Mary Barr. He was born in Bourbon County, Ky., January 7, 1810. Both parents were natives of the " Bluegrass State," and when James was but a small boy, came to Daviess County, Ind., and located on a tract of land, which the father entered, two miles south of Washington. Five years later the family removed to the " sugar land " neighborhood in this township, where they resided until a few years previous to the father's death (which occurred in 1850), when they moved to Washington. John Aikman was a quiet, unassuming man, and accumulated considerable means by his frugal and industrious habits. James secured a limited education, attending in the old log schoolhouse of early times. When twenty-two years old he married Sarah Banta, a native of Nicholas County, Ky., born January 1, 1814, and began farming for himself. For fifty years he was a tiller of the soil, and succeeded in accumulating 400 acres of land, one-half of which is under cultivation, and managed by his sons, who reside Upon it. In 1874 he and his wife removed to Washington, and have since lived a retired and happy life, surrounded by the comforts their industry has secured. They became the parents of eight children, these five now living: Samuel, Henry, John, Sarah D., and Martha Anne. Mr. Aikman has been a Republican since the organization of the party, and previous to that time was a Whig. He and his wife have been members of the Presbyterian Church for over forty years. He has resided in Daviess County longer than any other living person, so far as is now known. Samuel T Aikman was born November 2, 1839. He secured a common school education, and married at the age of thirty-nine, locating on part of his father's farm. He was married to Martha Cunningham in 1878. They have two children: Claud and Maud. Henry Aikman was born January 30, 1842, and secured the same education and rearing as his brother. February 19, 1867, he was united in marriage to Laura E. Bradford, who lived to be the mother of three children, only Clara B. living, and died July 30, 1870. In September, 1873, he was married to Sarah L. Williams, who bore him six children, these five living: Willie M., Mamie, Gertie, Henry C., and Paul. He is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. John Aikman was born February 27, 1845, and was reared upon the same farm that Samuel and Henry were. He was married, in 1870, to Permelia Allen, who bore him six children: James, John A., Edward T., Grace, Charles, and Sicily. He served in the late war, enlisting in the Forty-second Indiana Volunteers in 1862, and remained in the service two years. The sons are all industrious and prominent farmers, and belong to the Republican party. Sarah L., the elder of the two daughters, was born August 24, 1847, and is now the wife of Simeon Coleman, a young farmer living at Topeka, gas. They were married in 1873, and have two children: James W. and Jessie A. Martha Anne, the younger daughter, was born July 25, 1849, and yet resides with her parents.


THOMAS J. AXTELL was born in Washington, Penn., February 3,1835, and is a son of Thomas and Mary (Weir) Axtel, both natives of Pennsylvania. The father removed with his family to Knox County, Ind., in 1836, where he engaged in the mercantile business in the town of Bladensburgh, and here our subject was reared. After securing the ordinary English education he began clerking in his father's dry goods store. When sixteen years of age he left home and clerked in Mount Vernon, Ohio, for four years. After taking a trip to Texas he returned to New Albany, Ind., and in the winter of 1859 came to this city and engaged in the dry goods business for himself, continuing until the war broke out, when he sold out his business, and was traveling salesman for A. L. Scoville & Co., of Cincinnati, Ohio, for four years. He then returned to this city, and he and F. M. Myers formed a partnership in the dry goods business. In 1879 he purchased Mr. Myers' interest, and has since successfully conducted the business alone. He keeps an excellent stock of goods, and is doing quite well financially. October 16, 1862, he married Edna A. Rodarmel, daughter of Samuel Rodarmel, who was a prominent man of the county. To them were born three children, all of whom are living: Edwin R., Frank F., and Ella E. Mr. Axtel is a warm Republican, and takes an active part in political affairs. He has been a member of the city council, and is now a member of the city school board. He is a Mason, Knight Templar degree, and he and his wife are members of the Presbyterian Church.

JOHN A. BAIR, sheriff of Daviess County, was born, in Tuscarawas County, Ohio, June 11, 1841, and was one of eight children born to John F. and Louisa (Keplinger) Bair, natives respectively of Pennsylvania and Maryland. The subject of this sketch was brought up by his parents in his native county, and there secured an ordinary English education. He was trained to a farmer's life, and accordingly, in 1862, located on a farm in Wabash County, Ind. In 1865 he returned to his native county, and in the spring of 1866 removed with his parents to Daviess County, and farmed one season in Van Buren Township.In 1867 he married Sidney Zeigler, a native of Tuscarawas County, Ohio, whose parents removed to this county some years previously. After his marriage he resided two years in Van Buren Township, farming in summer and teaching school in winter. He then removed to Madison Township, where he lived four years, when he engaged in saw-milling, and continued in this business with good success until 1884. He was elected by the Democratic party sheriff of Daviess County, which office he is now filling. Mr. Bair has always been an unswerving Democrat. In 1862 he enlisted as a recruit for the Eighty-ninth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, but was prevented from entering into active service by the capture of the regiment at Mumfordsville, Ky. He was honorably discharged on account of physicial disability, caused by a wound in the right ankle. Mr. Bair is the father of four children, three of whom are living: Daniel W., Curtis H. and Ada P. Mr. and Mrs. Bair are both members of the United Brethren Church, and he is justly recognized as one of the enterprising and successful citizens of Daviess County.

E. A. BALDWIN, farmer, of Daviess County, Ind., was born in Vermillion County, Ill., April 28, 1850, and is one of fourteen children, all yet living, born to Jesse W. and Eleanor (Harris) Baldwin, who were born in Ohio. A number of years after marriage they moved to Vermillion County, Ill., thence to Chicago, where the father followed real estate agency, and was financially successful. He is yet residing in that city. The father is about eighty-five years of age and the mother ten years younger. Our subject was reared on a farm until nine years old, when he went with his parents to Chicago, where he secured a fair business education. He resided there until about nineteen years old, when he returned to Vermillion County, and about 1873 came to Washington, Ind., and was in the drug business for about nine years. He then went to Montgomery Station and kept a drug store for three years, and then came to his present place of residence. May 1, 1881, he was united in marriage to Mary C. Prosner, a native of Licking County, Ohio, born October 14, 1854, daughter of Thomas and Mary (Price) Prosper, who were natives of South Wales. To them were born two children, one of whom died at fourteen months old, Willie, and one now three months old, Otto C. The wife owns 165 acres of very fine land, and is a member of the Baptist Church. Mr. Baldwin is a warm Republican in politics, and is an enterprising young farmer.

JAMES M. BARR, attorney at law, Washington, Ind., was born in Reeve Township, Daviess County, October 27, 1841, and is one of a family of three sons and four daughters born to John and Julie (Burriss) Barr, both natives of Kentucky. The father came to this county with his father, James Barr, when he was a lad of eight years, in about 1816, and located in what is now Barr Township, where the father and grandfather of the subject of this sketch spent the greater part of their lives. James M. Barr was raised on the farm with his parents, securing a fair education in the common branches. In 1862 he enlisted in Company D., Eightieth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and served in the civil war three years as private and non-commissioned officer. At the close of the war he returned home and followed the life of a farmer until 1880, in Reeve Township, in the meantime studying law. In the year last named he moved to Washington, and being admitted to the Daviess County bar in 1881, has since been engaged in the practice of the law, meeting with very encouraging success. Mr. Barr is a stanch Republican, and served in Reeve Township as justice of the peace four years. He is a member of the G. A. K He was married in December, 1866, to Martha Allen, a native of Daviess County. They have four children: Ora May, Minnie, Allen and Eva. Both Mr. and Mrs. Barr are members of the Presbyterian Church. John Barr, the father of the subject of this sketch, became a resident of Reeve Township, where he bought a tract of land, which he cleared and improved, undergoing all kinds of hardships in the meantime. He led a long, useful and honorable life, dying in February, 1885. Mrs. Barr died when James M. was a mere child, and John Barr subsequently married Lucy Gillick, who died about six years since, leaving one child—a son.

GAYLORD G. BARTON, attorney at law of Washington, Ind., and native of the county, was born April 11, 1844, son of Gaylord G. and Ann (Murphy) Barton, natives respectively of New York and Ireland. The father came to this city in May,18-34, where he married and began practicing medicine. His death occurred February 12, 1884. He was an active politician in his day, and was at one time State senator for this district. He was a Democrat in politics, and took an active interest in all public and private enterprises to promote the welfare of the county. He was trustee of the Wabash & Erie Canal a number of years, and was prominently identified with the county medical societies, and was a member of the city school board a number of years. He died in the Catholic faith, after having spent a life of usefulness in the county. The mother died when our subject was a small lad, and the father afterward married Ellen M. Murphy, a sister of his first wife, who still survives him. Our subject was raised in this city, and secured a good literary education. At the age of nineteen he ,began teaching school, and continued this occupation irregularly until 1867, when he accepted a position as deputy in the clerk's office of this county, serving until the fall of 1875, when he entered the law department of the State University at Bloomington, Ind., from which he graduated in 1877. After a trip to Europe be returned to this city the same year and entered upon his professional career, in which he has met with good success. He is a Democrat and was reared in the Catholic faith. He is a reliable practitioner and an upright citizen of the county.

STEPHEN BELDING, editor and proprietor of the Daviess County Democrat, was born in Washington, Ind., November 21. 1841, the youngest of ten children born to Stephen and Elizabeth (Clenny) Belding. His father was a shoe-maker by trade, and later in life was a boot and shoe merchant. His grandfather (Clenny) was a Revolutionary war soldier. At twelve years of age Stephen began the printer's trade in his native town, and after serving his apprenticeship continued the trade until 1859, when he entered the Indiana State University, where he continued two years. In 1861 he purchased the Martin County Herald, which he published at Dover Hill until 1863; then was employed in the Evansville Journal for a time. Until the fall of 1867 he was employed on the Cincinnati Commercial, but after that returned to Washington, Ind., and in connection with J. H. Palmer, organized the joint stock company that established the Daviess County Democrat. Mr. Belding has ever since been connected with this enterprise, and through his individuality has won a place of distinction in southern Indiana journalism. Six months after the paper's establishment, Mr. Belding bought the entire stock, and has since been sole proprietor. He is a Democrat, and one of Washington's foremost citizens. January 22, 1872, was the celebration of his nuptials with Miss Cora White, of this city.

JOHN C. BILLHEIMER, attorney at law, was born in Wayne County, Ind., March 3, 1857, being one of five children born to Solomon and Margaret (Gephat) Billheimer, both of German descent. The father was a native of Virginia, and the mother of Pennsylvania. The immediate subject of this sketch was raised in the county of his birth, and secured a good education, attending the Northern Indiana Normal School and Business College at Valparaiso, Ind., one and a half years. In his native county he had taught one term of school before attending the Normal College, and afterward he followed that profession for a time. When in his eighteenth year he began the study of law, and at the age of nineteen entered the law office of Brown & Brown, Newcastle, Ind., completing his studies in 1879. In October of that year he located at Washington, Ind., in the practice of his profession, in which he has continued ever since, meeting with good success. His wife, Susan Kimball, was also a native of Wayne County, Ind. Their marriage was solemnized in 1879, and has been blessed with three children: John Leroy, Irving and Charles. Politically he is a Republican. Although he has never aspired to any office of note he has taken some interest in political affairs of the county. He is a member of the I. 0. 0. F., K. of H., and A. 0. of R. M. Both himself and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. At present he is chairman of the Daviess County Republican Central Committee.

R. & E. BEITMAN constitute one of the oldest and most prominent business firms of southwestern Indiana, and the leading clothiers of Washington. Raphael Beitman, the senior member of the firm, was born in Bavaria, Germany, June 22, 1833, son of Isaac and Fredo (Goodman) Beitman, born in 1796 and 1801, and died in 1861 and 1862, respectively. The family are Germans by birth, and can be traced back at least five generations. Our subject's boyhood was spent in his native country, and there he received his early education. In 1854 he came to America,and landed at New York, and then came to Indiana and settled at Petersburg, Pike County, and there remained one year. He then went to Vincennes, and for two years clerked in a store, and then came to Washington and engaged in the clothing business. In 1859 Emanuel Beitman, a younger brother of our subject, came to Washington from Germany, having been born in that country June 3, 1838. On coming to Washington he engaged in business with his brother, and until 1861 they sold goods throughout the country, traveling all the time. They then purchased the stock of goods of James Neal, who was a soldier in the Rebellion, and engaged in the family grocery business, being the only house of the kind in Washington. They continued until 1863, when they purchased the stock of clothing of G. Beitman, and have since very successfully continued in that business. They do an extensive business, and have the almost unlimited confidence of the people. The senior member of the firm was married, in December, 1865, to Miss Amelia Joseph, a native of Germany. They have four children, as follows: Flora, Jacob, Julia and Bertha.. The junior member of the firm was married in the city of "Brotherly Love," March 17, 1869, to Miss Amelia Sternberger, born in Bavaria, Germany. They have five children: Lillie, Jennie, Bertha, Blanche A. and Stella. The firm are Democratic in their political views. Raphael is a member of the I. 0. 0. F., and Emanuel of the Masons.

JESSE BILLINGS was born in Lawrence County, Ind., August 19, 1831, of English and Welsh descent, and son of William and Mary (Davis) Billings, natives of Tennessee and Wales, respectively. They were married in Tennessee in 1820, and two years later moved to Lawrence County, Ind., where they purchased 200 acres of land near Mitchell. When Jesse was about eight years old his mother died, and he remained with his father, assisting him on the farm until nineteen years of age. February 7, 1850, he was married to Sarah Miller, born November 22, 1833, daughter of John and Susannah (Tyre) Miller, and moved to Illinois, where he purchased land and lived for about four years. He then came to Daviess County, Ind., and bought 135 acres of land, which he has since increased to 560 acres, 460 acres being under cultivation.. His land is all underlaid with a good quality of coal. At a depth of 190 feet they found a six-foot vein, and at fifty feet an eighteen-inch vein, and at ninety feet a four-foot vein, all of which was analyzed and found to be first-class. He and wife are the parents of these children: John W., Abram R., Mary S., George W., Annie A., Airnetta B., Morton E., Charles S., Lillie M., Louis S. and Jesse F. Mr. Billings is a Republican and cast his first vote for Fillmore. He has been a member of the Masonic lodge twenty-seven years, and a member of the Christian Church twenty years. Mr. Billings was not in the late war, but his sympathies were with the Union soldiers. He had three brothers who served, and all were wounded, but returned home in safety.

E. G. BON DURANT, freight and ticket agent of the Ohio & Mississippi Railroad at Washington, Ind., was born near Frankfort, Ky., July 10, 1836, and is the second of a family of three children born to Thomas L. and Elizabeth (Woodfill) Bon Durant. natives. respectively, of Virginia and Kentucky. The father was of French descent, and was supply agent for the Madison & Indianapolis Railroad. He was killed by an accident in 1844. The mother lived until 1882. Our subject was reared to the age of eight years in Kentucky, when he and his parents came to Indiana. He secured a very limited education in the schools of Madison, never attending more than three months. He remained with his mother until 1850, having engaged at telegraphy on the Madison & Indianapolis Railroad, and has ever since been employed in different capacities on that and the Ohio and Mississippi Railroad. He was division superintendent of the east division of the last-named road for about four years, beginning in 1869. He was assistant general superintendent of the Jeffersonville, Madison & Indianapolis Railroad for four years. He then returned to the Ohio & Mississippi as master of transportation of the whole line several years, but resigned the position and came to Washington and engaged in the railroad and coal business, acting as railroad agent. He was married, in July, 1860, to Susan C. McGannon, a native of Jennings County, Ind. To them were born seven children; one died in infancy. Those living are Ella (wife of George Walters, Jr.), Oliver E., Elva, Fannie, William H. and Daisy C. Mrs. Bon Durant is a member of the Baptist Church, and he is a Mason—Knight Templar degree. Politically he is a Republican.

BONHAM & GILL, undertakers, and manufacturers of and dealers in furniture, Washington, Ind., is a firm composed of M. L. Bonham and Joseph H. Gill.• Martin Luther Bonham was born in Dearborn County, Ind., March 4, 1827, and is a son of Zedekiah and Amelia (Cullom) Bonham, natives, respectively, of Virginia and Ohio. The subject of this sketch was brought up on a farm by his parents and received a limited common school education. At the age of seventeen he learned the cabinet-maker's trade in Hamilton County, Ohio. He continued working at his trade and at the furniture business in that county until 1862, when he removed to Washington and entered the employ of John Mattingly, who had established the present business some years previously. Six months later he entered into partnership with his employer, and the firm enjoyed a prosperous business until Mr. Mattingly's death in 1872. Mr. Bonham then conducted the business alone until 1874, when he accepted as a partner Joseph H. Gill. This firm has continued ever since and enjoys a large share of the trade in this line. They are the leading undertakers in the city, and carry a full stock of furniture. Mr.Bonham is a Republican and a Royal Arch Mason. He was married, in 1847, to Selana Lincoln, who died, leaving four children: George H., Mary (the wife of John Cretz, of Harrison, Ohio), Zedekiah A. and Clifford L. In 1864 he was married to his present wife, Mrs. Sarah A. Sowers.

WILLIAM H. BOONE, farmer, was born in Montgomery County, Ohio, December 2, 1847 ; son of Isaac and Mary (Holderman) Boone, and is of German descent. His father was born in Rockingham County, Va., in 1815, and his mother in Montgomery County, Ohio. In 1825 the Boone family removed from Virginia to Montgomery County, Ohio, and there the grandfather of our subject died. In 1858 the father of subject removed from Montgomery County to Miami County, Ohio, and there still resides. Our subject was raised on the farm and attended the public schools of his neighborhood. He began for himself at eighteen years of age, and came to Daviess County in 1883 and settled where he now lives, on what was known as the Bruner farm. He has 110 acres of well-improved land one mile from Washington. He was married, in 1869, to Miss Frances V. Malcom, a native of Shelby County, Ohio, born in 1849, daughter of Nathan and Deborah Malcom. They have four children, viz - Maggie 31., Mary B., Blanche D. and Hazel E. He is a Republican and a most enterprising gentleman.

SAMUEL B. BOYD, superintendent of the schools of Daviess County, was born at Yorkville, Dearborn Co., Ind., March 14, 1858, being a son of John and Elizabeth (Miller) Boyd (both deceased), who were natives of Ireland and Ohio, respectively. He was reared on a farm in his native county by his parents, receiving a good literary education. He completed his schooling with a course at the Central Normal College at Danville, Ind., and at the age of nineteen began his career as a public teacher. In 1871 he removed with his parents to this county, teaching four years in the county schools, and since acting as principal of the Odon schools and as an instructor in the city schools of Washington. June 1, 1883, he was elected county superintendent, a position he has since filled with satisfaction. He is an Odd Fellow, a Democrat and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

HON. MATTHEW L. BRETT, born January 5, 1823, in South Carolina, is the eldest of seven children born to Patrick M. and Mary Brett, who were born in the "Emerald Isle," and came to this country immediately after marriage, about 1820, and lived in South Carolina about ten years and then came to Daviess County, Ind. The father was a lawyer and teacher, and a very prominent man of the county, having held several very important offices. His death occurred in 1844 and the mother's in 1868. Matthew Brett was reared on the farm where he now lives. His early education was very limited, as his help was much needed at home. After his father's death he remained on the home farm and has assisted his mother ever since. At the age of twenty-one he succeeded his father in the auditor's office in 1844, and held the position fifteen years successively. He also carried on farming, milling and merchandising to some extent. In 1860 he was elected to the State Legislature, and served the regular and special sessions. He served two years on a committee appointed by the Legislature to audit the expenses incurred by the State on account of the war. In 1862 he was elected treasurer of State and held the position two years. In 1872 he was elected from Daviess County to the Legislature and served two sessions. Shortly afterward he unfortunately became a cripple, and has ever since given his time and attention to his farm and has been very prosperous. He owns 250 acres of land, part near Washington and part in Warren County. He was married, June 1, 1858, to Miss Alice Hayes, of Vincennes. To them were born two children, both of whom are now deceased: Anna (who lived to be the wife of Austin F. Cabel, and the mother of one child, named Brett Cabel, the only descendant of our subject) and William (who died when young). The family are members of the Catholic Church, and our subject has always been a Democrat, politically. The different positions of honor and trust he has filled so efficiently and satisfactorily indicate the high regard in which he is held by all.

ROBERT A. BROWN was born on the farm where he now lives September 10, 1850. He was the fifth of eight children born to Benjamin F. and Jane (Wallace) Brown. The father was born on the same farm. He was a farmer all his life, and was quite prosperous. The mother was probably a native of Tennessee. Our subject was reared on a farm and secured a common school education. He made his home with his parents until twenty-one years of age. In 1871 he, with his four other brothers, began making brick, and in 1875 added a tile factory to their brickyard and now do perhaps the most extensive and paying business of the kind in the county. Our subject also farmed quite extensively, and the brothers now own 150 acres of very fine land. December 25, 1879, he was united in marriage to Emma Lynch, a native of the county, born and reared on an adjoining farm. One child, named Pearl, has blessed their union. Robert is a Republican politically, and is one of the prominent business men of the county. John F. Brown, brother of Robert A. Brown, was born February 8, 1846. He received much the same rearing as his brother and remained with his parents until their respective deaths. When our subject was but fourteen years old his father died, and the mother lived until 1873. He is a joint owner of the farm of 150 acres, and also has an interest in the tile and brick manufactory with his four brothers. They have devised a patent on the Eureka Tile Kiln which is proving very favorable and promises a success financially. They have the most extensive factory in the county and are doing a big business. March 21, 1873, he was married to Belle F. Dudley, a native of eastern Ohio. They have three children: William T., Benjamin F. and Libbie M. Mr. Brown is a stanch Republican in politics.

JESSE W. BURTON, attorney at law, Washington, Ind., was born in Garrard County, Ky., October 2, 1828, and is a son of Robert A. and Sarah (Williams) Burton, both natives of Kentucky, living and dying in their native State. Jesse W. Burton was brought up on a farm by his parents in Kentucky until he was fourteen years old, when he entered Bradley Institute in Garrard County, remaining there several years, after which he entered Cumberland Academy at Monticello, Ky., of which his brother, William M. Burton, was the principal. By this time he was eighteen years of age and had obtained a good literary education_ He then taught country school some years. At the age of twenty he began reading law at the capital of his native county, and received a license to practice August 14, 1850. He read law with his brother, Allan A. Burton, afterward appointed by President Lincoln Minister to the United States of Colombia, South America. He then spent a year traveling and prospecting for a location in northwestern Missouri. He then came to .Washington, but soon located at Petersburg, Pike County, where he practiced law less than a year, returning then to and locating in Washington, opening his office May 16, 1853. With the exception of the years 1875 and 1876, when he resided in Lawrenceburg, Ind., he has continually resided in Washington since that time, and has earned for himself a high place in the legal fraternity of Daviess County. Judge Burton, before the war of the Rebellion, was an old time Whig, casting his first presidential vote for Gen. Winfield Scott. At the formation of the Republican party he became a Republican, and at the breaking out of the war was one of the first to espouse the cause of the Union, making the first Union speech made in the county. He assisted to raise the first company sent from Daviess County, under Capt. Charles Childs, and during the entire continuance of that terrible conflict was active in giving financial and moral support to the Union. During 1856 and 1857 he was prosecuting attorney for the district composed of Knox, Daviess, Pike and Martin Counties. He was a candidate for judge of common pleas, and also for judge of the circuit court, but defeated in each instance owing to the hopeless minority of the republican party. On the 23d of November, 1869, he was admitted to practice in the United States Courts. He is a member of the I.O.O.F. and is P.N.G. of the local lodge; he is also a Master Mason. He was married November 22, 1860, to Sarah M. Jackson, a native of Elizabethtown, Hamilton Co., Ohio, by whom he has five children: Ada J. (wife of Frank A. Collier), Emma S. (wife of Clinton K. Tharp), Mary H., Robert W. and Nellie.

ALEXANDER CHOMEL, editor of the Washington Advertiser, was born in France in 1826, and is a son of Dennis and Lucy (Collason) Chomel. He was reared in a city and had good educational advantages. At the age of twenty-three he came to America and located in New Albany, Ind., where he followed merchandising three years. He went to Loogootee, Ind., in 1860, and engaged in the same business. He edited the Loogootee Times for some time and then moved to Shoals and edited the Martin County Herald. In September, 1884, he came to Washington and has since edited the Advertiser and Enterprise. In December, 1850, he took for his companion through life Sabina Carrico, a native of Kentucky, to whom were born nine children, eight now living: Lucy, Thomas, Catharine, Julius, Alexander, William, Mary and Anselm. As an editor he wields much influence in the political affairs of the county, and with all the zeal and energy of which he is capable furthers the interests of the Democratic party. He is a member of the Catholic Church.

A. D. COLBERT was born in Daviess County, Ind., in March, 1837. He is a son of L. D. and Jane (Birch) Colbert, who were born in 1818 and 1819, respectively. The mother died when our subject was quite young, and he made his home with his father until twenty-one years of age, when he was married to Sarah Walker, daughter of Solomon and Martha Jane Walker, natives of East Tennessee. Mr. and Mrs. Colbert are the parents of the following children: George, Emma, Minnie (deceased), Herbert, Edgar, Benjamin, Mildred, Maggie, John, Seth, Charles and William. After his marriage he lived two years in Veal Township, and August 1, 1863 enlisted in Company I, Sixty-fifth Indiana Volunteers and served two years, when he was transferred to the One Hundred and Twentieth Indiana Regiment. He was in the East Tennessee campaign and in several engagements, and was with Sherman on his march to the sea. He was with Thomas at Nashville and Schofield at Franklin. He was at the capture of Wilmington. On the 19th of January, 1866, he was mustered out at Raleigh, N. C. He is a Republican and cast his first vote for Lincoln. He has been a member of the Christian Church thirty years and his wife of the same for forty years.

PHILLIP CRUSE, dec'd, was born Aug. 4, 1795, in North Carolina. His parents, Henry C. and Susan Cruse, were native Germans. They moved to Hamilton, Ohio, at an early period, where the father followed farming. Phillip assisted his father for eight years and then was apprenticed to a man in Cincinnati to learn the tailor's trade. After mastering his trade he tramped to Lexington, Ky., with only one half dollar in his pocket. He soon saved $100, and then walked to Louisville, Ky., where he worked at his trade. He and a friend then went to New Orleans on flat-boats. Our subject worked there four months and then returned to Ohio via boat to Philadelphia; thence to Baltimore, Washington, D. C., Alexandria and Uniontown., Va. ; thence by boat to Pittsburgh; thence to Portsmouth, Ohio, and finally reached Maysville, Ky., where he remained one month and then went to Terre Haute, Ind., and in the spring went to Vincennes. Later be came to Washington, Daviess County, where he worked at his trade for several years, and then kept a general merchandise store about the same length of time. He then began keeping hotel where the present Presbyterian Church stands, and after working at that for several years engaged in the hardware business on a small scale, and soon had an extensive trade. He was a member of the Presbyterian Church, and in politics was a Federalist, Whig, Abolitionist and Republican. He was married three times; the first time to Sarah Rodick, who bore him these children: Seth H., Minerva, John R., Joseph W. and Elizabeth. Only John is now living. His second wife was Elizabeth Bruce, who became the mother of one child, Martha (deceased). His third marriage was to Sarah Carnahan, born May 21, 1813, in Kentucky, daughter of Jane and Elizabeth (Aikman) Carnahan, born in Virginia and Pennsylvania. Mr. and Mrs. Cruse were married March 5, 1837, and became the parents of these children: James P., who was a soldier in the war and died at Washington of typhoid fever, and Charles F. who died in infancy. The sons were all Masons. Mr. Cruse died June 16, 1885, in the ninetieth year of his age. He was respected by all and was a thoroughly self-made man. He owned eighty acres of land, and property to the amount of $6,500. He was a valuable citizen and was noted for his kindness and charity to the poor. Mrs. Cruse is an active and intellectual old lady of seventy years. She presented a flag to the first company of Daviess County soldiers that left for the war, and delivered the memorial oration, which was noted for its eloquence.

NELSON CUNNINGHAM. dec'd, was a native of Clark County, where he was born June 17, 1821. His parents, Thomas and Martha (Mathews) Cunningham, were natives of Virginia and South Carolina, respectively. Our subject attended the common schools, and remained with his parents until twenty-one years old. In 1844 he was married to Mary M. Little, to whom were born three children: Sarah A., Nancy I. and Martha E., all now deceased. His wife died in 1851, and he was married to Elizabeth Johnson, January 18, 1854. She is a daughter of James and Mary (Miller) Johnson, and was born in Pennsylvania and reared in Kentucky. Mr. Cunningham settled near Odon, Daviess County, soon after marriage, where he remained nine years, and then removed to the place where Mrs. Cunningham now lives. These five children were born to them: James, Mary E., Charles A., Maggie A. and Bluford (deceased). After settling in this county they engaged in farming and stock raising. Mr. Cunningham died May 26, 1870, of pneumonia. He was not a member of any secret society, but was a member of the Christian Church a number of years. He owned 140 acres of land. The wife was also a member of the Christian Church.

ELIAS L. DAGLEY, M. D., of Washington, Ind., was born in Scotland, Greene Co., Ind., May 4, 1815, and was one of eight children born to James A. Dagley and Martha A., his wife, formerly Barker, natives respectively of England and .Greene County, Ind. The father came from England with his parents when he was an infant, they locating in Greene County. There he grew up, married and practiced medicine until his death, about twelve years ago. The subject of our sketch remained at home with his parents until sixteen years of age, obtaining such an. education as was then afforded by the common schools. He then left home and engaged in the drug business in Tipton, Mo., where he remained four years. He then returned home and studied medicine with his father eighteen months, when, on account of failing health, he spent the next two years in traveling in the West. In 1868 he returned home and married his present wife, Caturah E. Odell, a native of Greene County, Ind. After marriage he engaged as clerk in the drug business at home and in Missouri. In 1872 he attended a course of lectures at the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Indianapolis, and during the four subsequent years practiced his profession in Greene County. He attended Miami Medical College at Cincinnati, Ohio, graduating thence in 1875, and then came to Daviess County and practiced at Odon until 1883, when he removed to Washington, where he has since resided, engaged in the practice of his profession and meeting with very flattering success. In 1863 he enlisted in Company K, One Hundred and Seventeenth Regiment, Indiana Volunteer Infantry, serving as a private during his term of enlistment—six months. In politics he is a Republican, and is an Odd Fellow. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, while Mrs. Dagley is a Baptist. Mr. and Mrs. Dagley have had five children, four of whom are living: Martha C., Susan E., Ella May and Craggy.

JOHN DOWNEY, attorney at law, Washington, Ind., was born in Martin County, Ind., January 10, 1855. He is one of a family of twelve children (eleven of whom are now living) born to Michael and Julia (Doyle) Downey. The father was born in Queens County, Ireland, and the mother being also of Irish descent, though born in New Jersey. Michael Downey came to the United States in 1845, and for some years followed coal mining in Pennsylvania. About the year 1850 he came to Martin County, Ind., and entered a tract of land where he has since resided, engaged in farming. The subject of this sketch was raised on the farm with his parents, securing a good literary education and preparing himself to teach school, which profession he followed from the time he was nineteen years of age until he was twenty-two. His services were rendered in district schools, in the normal school at Dover Hill, and in Loogootee public schools. In the intervals of teaching he was improving his education by attendance upon the public schools of Loogootee, the normal school at Valparaiso, Ind., and the Notre Dame University at South Bend. While teaching he also began reading law, with the view of making that his profession. In 1880 he entered the law office of Gardiner & Taylor, of Washington, and continued reading with them until the close of that year, when he entered the office of Bynum & Padgett, becoming the latter's partner after the former's removal. He has since been engaged in the practice of his profession in Washington, meeting with well-deserved success. On the 1st of July, 1885, he dissolved partnership with Mr. Padgett and entered into partnership with J. C. Billheimer. In politics Mr. Downey is a Democrat, and has been deputy prosecuting attorney at Washington three years. He has been attorney for the city of Washington for the past two years, and is attorney for the Industrial Savings and Loan Association, of Washington. He was married, May, 1, 1882, to Miss Bose A. Hughes, a native of Daviess County, by whom he has one child, George A. Downey.

JOHN W. DOYLE, reverend father of St. Simon's Church, Washington, Ind., was born in Madison, Ind., August 1, 1851, and is a son of John and Ellen Doyle, both natives of Ireland. Father Doyle was raised with his parents in his native place, and obtained a fair education at the local parish school. At the age of sixteen he entered St. Meinrad's College, in Spencer County, Ind., where he began his studies for the priesthood. Two years-later he attended St. Thomas' and St. Joseph's Colleges, at Bards town, Ky. He began his theological studies at the Grand Seminary of Montreal, Canada, and completed them at Indianapolis, Ind., where he was ordained priest by Bishop St. Palais, May 25, 1875. He then took charge of St. Vincent's Orphan Asylum, near Vincennes, Ind., remaining there, however, only a short time, when he took charge of St. Mary's Church, in Barr Township, Daviess County. In 1879 he was transferred to Washington as priest in charge of St. Simon's Church of that city, where he still remains the efficient and popular priest.

JEREMIAH EGAN. The Egan family are the descendants of Irish ancestors, and the older ones of the family now living were natives of Ireland. In the fall of 1837 Patrick Egan and his family came to the United States. They landed in New Orleans, but came on to Indiana and settled in Daviess County. The entire family did not come at first, but after selecting a location they sent back for the rest of the family, who came in 1838. Patrick was born in 1792. In Ireland he was a merchant, but after coming to America he became a tiller of the soil. The mother's, Bridget (Louregan) Egan, death occurred in February, 1873. They were the parents of twelve children, three of whom are now living: Catherine, Martin and Jeremiah. Martin was born probably in 1820, although no record of his birth has been preserved. He was about eighteen when he came to the United States, and was reared on a farm, securing a limited education. He has been afflicted ever since a small boy with "white swelling." He has never married, but makes his home with his brother Jeremiah, who was born in the " Emerald Isle " June 5, 1827, being the seventh of the family. Like his brother he secured a limited education, and his father died when he was young. He remained with his mother until his marriage, when she made her home principally with him, and died at his residence. At the age of thirty-one he married and settled where he now lives. He has developed his farm of 280 acres from a wilderness to one of the best farms in the county. September 13, 1858, he married Jane E. Juigley, a native of the county, born February 21, 1838. They became the parents of nine children, six now living: Bridget, Patrick, Joseph, Martin, Catherine and Anna. The family are Catholics, and our subject has always been a Democrat politically, and is one of the prosperous farmers of the county.

E. R. ESKRIDGE, harness and saddle-maker of Washington, Ind., was born in Kentucky January 17, 1829. He was the third of ten children born to Joseph W. and Fannie (Robinson) Eskridge, who were natives of Virginia, but were raised in Kentucky. Our subject worked on the farm and at the tanner's trade until he was eighteen years old. His father died about this time and he remained with his mother until twenty-three years of age, and aided and supported the family during that time. He then learned the saddler's trade, but was not devoted to any particular business for about three years. In 1855 he came to Washington, Ind., where he worked at his trade or any labor that presented itself. December 7, 1856, the nuptials of his marriage to Sarah M. Smyth were celebrated, and some time later he opened a shop of his own at Edwardsport, but remained there but a short time. In December, 1858, he began working at his trade in Washington, where he continued until January, 1865, when he sold his stock and residence and went to Burlington, Iowa, and thence to Oregon. He was absent about sixteen months looking for a location, but at last returned to Washington, Ind., where he continued the harness and saddlery trade. He keeps a fine stock of goods and has been very successful in his business enterprises. He is a member of the I. 0. 0. F., and politically has been a Democrat since the extinction of the Whig party. He cast his first presidential vote for Winfield Scott. He is one of the prominent men of the county and is highly respected as an honorable and upright citizen. To his marriage five children were born, three of whom are living: Fannie M. (wife of J. T. Neale), Samuel C. and Lulu.

S. CICERO ESKRIDGE, of the firm of Neal & Eskridge, of Washington, Ind., was born in this city January 29, 1861, and is a son of Elijah R. and Sarah Matilda (Smyth) Eskridge. He was raised with his parents and graduated from the high school at this city. At the age of seventeen he began clerking in the grocery business in this city, continuing until 1882, when he engaged in the business for himself, and carried a fine line of dry goods, with John T. Neal as partner. He has continued in the business to the present time and has met with good success. October 12, 1882, he married Ida M. Mills, a native of Sandusky, Ohio, daughter of John R. Mills (deceased), who was a prominent stock dealer of this city. They have one child, named Harry M. Mr. Eskridge is a Democrat in his political views, and is recognized as one of the rising and successful business men of the city. He is a member of the K. of P.

JUDGE WILLIAM R. GARDINER, a prominent attorney of Daviess County, was born January 18, 1837, in central New York, being the youngest of a family of thirteen children born to David N. and Susanna C. (Andrews) Gardiner, both of whom were natives of Rhode Island. He was reared to the age of seventeen on a farm in his native State and then went to Ross County, Ohio, and studied medicine two years, attending medical lectures at Cincinnati and Cleveland, Ohio. He had not completed his medical course when he came to Indiana, where he worked in the employ of the Ohio & Mississippi Railroad Company as carpenter, telegraph operator and ticket agent at different times, and also taught school in the meantime. In the fall of 1862 he entered the law office of J. W. Burton, in Washington, and read law one year, having read two years before under direction of M. F. Burke. In fall of 1863 he opened a law office at Dover Hill, Martin Co., Ind., and practiced there one year, at end of which time he located in the practice of his profession in connection with William Thompson, at Washington, for a few months. In 1865 he was married to Laura A. Gibson, of Martin County, daughter of Thomas M. Gibson, a very prominent merchant of Loogootee, and for three years was at Loogootee ill his profession. He then formed a law partnership with Col. C. M. Allen and Hon. Nathaniel P. Usher, in Vincennes, where he remained till June, 1872, when he located at Washington, where he has ever since practiced law; with S. H. Taylor, one year; with Judge J. T. Pierce, two years; with William Armstrong, two years, and then with his former partner, S. H. Taylor, with whom he has been connected ever since. Mr. Gardiner's married life has been blessed with six. children, but three of whom are now living: Charles G., William R. and Susanna A. (the two sons are now in the State University at Bloomington). He has, since the summer of 1864, been a very zealous Republican in politics, unless his vote for Mr. Greeley in 1872 is an exception. He has represented Daviess County for several years in Republican State conventions. In 1884 he was a delegate from this congressional district to the National Republican Convention at Chicago, and is distinguished as being the only Indianian who addressed the convention. He was attorney for the town of Washington in 1864 and 1865. Was appointed prosecuting attorney for the district then including Knox, Gibson, Pike, Dubois, Martin and Daviess Counties, by Gov. 0. P. Morton in 1866, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of R. A. Clements, who was then elected judge of common pleas district court. On the death of R. A. Clements Mr. Gardiner was appointed. by Gov. Baker to fill his unexpired term of judge. He made a race for judge of Knox and Daviess Circuit Court in 1882, carrying Daviess County, whose regular majority was about 200 Democratic by 270 majority, Newton F. Malott, a Democrat, being his opponent in the candidacy. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity. He is a sell-made man and has met with well deserved success.

R. E. GEETING & BRO., watch-makers and jewelers, Washington, Ind. This firm consists of Royal E. and George C. W. Geeting. They bought their present business of J. C. Farron in 1880, starting at that time with small stock and limited capital, but by strict attention to business, economy and integrity, they have succeeded in building up a flourishing business. They carry a full line of watches, clocks, jewelry and silverware, and control a large share of the trade in this line in Daviess County. Royal E. Geeting was born in Hamilton County, Ohio, September, 1856, and is a son of Isaac and Caroline (Watson) Geeting, natives, respectively, of Maryland and Hamilton County, Ohio. Isaac Geeting removed to this city with his family in 1868, and he has since resided here, engaged in contracting and building, being a carpenter by trade. The subject of this sketch worked with his father at the carpenter's trade until he was twenty-one years old, when he entered the jewelry store of N. H. Jepson, of Washing
' ton, where he learned the watch-maker's and jeweler's trade, and continued with Mr. Jepson over three years. He then worked at his trade four months in Sullivan, Ind., when he returned to Washington and established his present business. Mr. Geeting is a Republican in politics, and is justly recognized as one of the enterprising and successful business men of Daviess County, and as a moral, upright man. In November, 1881, he was married to Maggie Wright, a native of this county, by whom he has one son, named Otis K. Geeting.

GEORGE C. W. GEETING was born in Hamilton County, Ohio, May 26, 1853, and is a son of Isaac and Caroline Geeting. He was reared on a farm in his native county by his parents, and secured the usual common school education of the time. He came to Washington with his parents, and was for ten years engaged as clerk in the grocery and dry goods business. In 1880 he took an interest in his present jewelry business with his brother, and since 1882 has been actively engaged in connection therewith. He is a member of the K of P., and is a Republican in politics.

JOSEPH H. GILL, of the firm of Bonham & Gill, was born in Bond County, Ill., July 30, 1840, being a son of Joseph and Elizabeth Gill, who died in Illinois when our subject was ten years old. Immediately after their death he left the home farm, and at that tender age began life's battle for himself. He worked at manual labor in that State until he was sixteen years of age, when he came to Indiana and began learning the cabinet-maker's trade, at Princeton. Having mastered his trade he came to Washington in 1858, and entered the employ of Mattingly & Mulholland, remaining with them until 1861, when he enlisted as a private soldier in Company H, Twenty-fourth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, serving in the army until the close of the war, and being in all the battles in which his division, under Gen. A. P. Hovey, was engaged. After being discharged, at Galveston, Tex., he returned to Washington and entered the employ of Mattingly & Bonham, working for them until 1872, when Mr. Mattingly died. He continued with Mr Bonham until 1874, when he purchased one-half interest in the business, and has since been a partner in the firm of Bonham & Gill. Mr. Gill is a Republican in politics; is a member of the I. 0. 0. F., of K. of H., and of the G. A. R., and is an enterprising, successful business man. In 1868 he was married to Mary E. Carnahan, a native of Daviess County, by whom he has six children, named Jennie, James, Charles H., Laura, Helen and Joseph.

JOHN J. GLENDENING, book-keeper for Cabel, Wilson & Co., Washington, Ind., was born in Allegheny County, Penn., October 13, 1845, being one of a family of six children, three of whom only are living, born to Joseph and Martha (Strauss) Glendening, natives of Pennsylvania. In 1853 they removed from Pennsylvania to Jefferson County, Ind., where the father died, and where the mother still resides. The subject of this sketch was reared by his parents in Pennsylvania and in Jefferson County, Ind., and obtained a good literary education. He was engaged in teaching school from 1865 to 1870, when he came to Washington and entered the employ of Cabel, Wilson & Co., in the capacity of book-keeper, which position he has ever since filled in a faithful and efficient manner. He was married, October 13, 1875, to Miss Harriet E. Wright, of Daviess County, by whom he has three children: Harriet E., Pearl and John. Mr. Glendening is a stanch Republican, and has served one term as member of the city council. He is a Royal Arch Mason, and W. M. of Charity Lodge, No. 30, of Washington. He is also a member of the Odd Fellows Lodge, and is universally recognized as a moral and upright citizen of Daviess County.

THOMAS B. GRAHAM, SR., deceased, a prominent citizen of Daviess County, was a Kentuckian by birth, and was one of eight children born to James and Jane (Mitchell) Graham, who were natives of Delaware and Pennsylvania, respectively. James Graham was born about 1772. He moved to Kentucky after attaining his majority, and there married the mother, who was about two years younger than himself. They came to Daviess County, Ind., in 1826. They both died in September, 1838, within four days of each other. Thomas B., Sr., was born December 1, 1806, and was reared in Nicholas and Bourbon Counties, Ky., and there learned the saddler's trade. After coming to Indiana he remained a resident of Daviess County up to the time of his death. His early business life was in the retail general merchandising, and was marked by that success which characterized his whole business life. At different times he was associated in business with Elisha Hyatt, Col. John Van Trees and John Fairchild. He was first married to Lydia McCormick, and after her death to Charlotte Foote, who also died. No children survive these wives. In 1847 he was married to Margaret Hyatt, daughter of Thomas Hyatt, an early pioneer of the county. To his last marriage seven children were born, five of whom are living: Laura, Edith (wife of Dr. J. N. Jones), Ziba, a prominent farmer residing in the city, Lillie (wife of Warren Sherman, of Rossville, K as.), and Thomas B. In politics Mr. Graham was a zealous Republican, but did not mingle in political schemes. He was a self-made and successful man, and has aided much in the progress of the county. Ziba F. Graham. son of Thomas and Margaret (Hyatt) Graham, was born August 30, 1853, and remained with his parents until twenty-four years of age. He then married Margaret A. Cabel, daughter of Joseph Cabel, of Washington, Ind. They have two children: Joseph B. and Robert C. Politically Mr. Graham is a Republican, and is a farmer and stock dealer by occupation. He owns 1,440 acres of fine farming land, about 1,000 acres of which are under cultivation. He is a prosperous and wide-awake young farmer.

RICHARD HENRY GREENWOOD, treasurer of Daviess County, was born in Madison Township December 20, 1836. In 1846 his parents moved to Greene County, where they remained five years, and then returned to Daviess County, and lived in Elmore Township two years. They then settled in Washington Township, four miles southwest of Washington. where they still reside. The subject of this sketch was married February 2. 1860, and during that and the following year was engaged in farming —one year in Veal Township and the next in Reeve. On the 25th of August, 1862, he enlisted in the Twenty-seventh Regiment, Company D, under Capt. John Cassidy. He remained in the service until June, 1865, when he was mustered out, the war having come to a close. He participated in several of the hard-fought battles of the Rebellion, notably at Chancellorsville, Antietam and Gettysburg, and through the Atlanta campaign and Sherman's march to the sea. At Antietam he received a bullet wound, which disabled him for active service for about six weeks. Upon his return from the war he became an employe of Elisha Hyatt, acting for a number of years as a kind of general overseer of Mr. Hyatt's business at Tom's Hill and vicinity. He then returned to his early occupation of farming, in Steele Township,and in 1880 was elected trustee of the township. Having filled this position creditably for two years, the Democratic party in 1882 nominated him for the office of county treasurer, and elected him over the candidate of the Republican party by a majority of 229. In 1884 he was re-elected to the same office, over Martin Nugent, a prominent and wealthy farmer of Elmore Township, by a plurality of 367. Mr. Greenwood is an honest and upright man, and an excellent public servant. He is a good. citizen, and a representative of the laboring classes. He has a family of six children—five sons and one daughter—the latter of whom has been of much service to her father in the office of county treasurer.

ALEXANDER M. HARDY, attorney at law of Washington, Ind., was born in Ontario, Canada, in December, 1847, son of William and Sarah (Merrill) Hardy, who were natives of the same place. Alexander was reared with his parents, and secured a good literary education, attending the Victoria College of Coburg, Canada, and graduating from that institution. At the age of eighteen he began reading law, graduating from the University of Toronto, Canada, in 1866. He then came to the United States and located at Natchez, Miss., where he practiced his profession, and also engaged in the newspaper business. He was appointed collector of customs at that place in 1875, under Grant. He left that city in 1877 and went to Washington, D. C., where he was employed in the law department of the pension bureau until 1881. He then located in Paducah, where he was employed by the United States authorities as superintendent in building the Government Post office and Custom House. In 1885 he removed to this city, and has since been engaged in the practice of his profession. He is a stanch Republican, and has taken an active part in national politics since his residence in the States. He stumped Mississippi with Hon. John A. Lynch, in 1876 (for Hayes), and was in the campaign of 1880 in Indiana and New York, and during the campaign of 1884 was in Ohio. He was married to Elizabeth Lee. He is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. and K. of H.

A. J. HART was born near Washington, in Daviess County, Ind., and is one of eleven children born to the marriage of James Hart and Sarah King. The father was born on the Atlantic Ocean in 1793, coming from Ireland to America. His parents settled first in Tennessee, and then in. North Carolina, where the father was married. They came from there to Indiana, and here our subject was born November 15, 1831. His mother was a native of middle Tennessee, died when he was about twelve years of age, and he lived with his father until eighteen years of age, when he began doing for himself. He first began working on the Wabash & Erie Canal, and in six months' time was promoted to superintendent, and was given a force of seventy-five or one hundred men. Two years later he with sixteen men came to Daviess County, Ind., and commenced working on the Ohio & Mississippi Railroad. In the fall of 1853 he quit this work and commenced farming on some of the land. where he now lives. February 8, 1854, he was married to Mary, daughter of Matthew and Margaret (Hopkins) Arthur. She was born November 5, 1827. He cast his first vote for Buchanan, but since that time has been a Republican. He has been a member of the Masonic Lodge for sixteen years, and his wife a member of the Christian Church for twenty years. Mr. Hart owns 160 acres of land, 120 of which are in a good state of cultivation. In 1868 he gave up his farm life and kept a general merchandise store in Washington for three years, and then moved to Montgomery, where he followed the same occupation, and also operated a coal mine. In 1876 he returned to the farm, where he has since lived.

CHARMER HAWKINS, African, was born near Washington, Daviess Co., Ind., March 29, 1831, and is the fourth of a family of eleven children born to Jacob and Ellen (Embrey) Hawkins, who were natives of Charleston, S. C., where they were slaves. They came with their owners to Indiana when it was a Territory, and at its admittance into the Union as a State they obtained their freedom. The father was at this time sixteen years of age, and by his own energy and perseverance became the owner of over 1,000 acres of excellent farming land. His master's name was Hawkins, and he accordingly took that name after securing his freedom. He and wife were for some time members of the Presbyterian Church, and afterward of the African Methodist Church. The father died in 1864, and the mother in 1870. Our subject was reared on a farm, and received very limited educational advantages. He remained with his parents to the age of twenty-two years, when he married and settled on his present farm. He has been very prosperous in his undertakings, and is at the present time the owner of 260 acres of land in one tract, and thirty acres near Washington. His farm is well improved, and he has a fine two-story residence well furnished. In 1853 he was married to Malinda Grier. They have two children: Sylvester and Sarah E. This wife died January 17, 1873, and September 15, 1875, he was married to Millie Blakey, who has borne him four children: Dora, Clergain, Helen, and Charner. Both Mr. and Mrs. Hawkins are members of the African Methodist Church, and he is a member of the I. 0. 0. F., and politically is a very zealous Republican. He is one of the prominent men of the county, and is recognized as a -highly honorable and upright citizen. His father was the first African in the county, and in his younger days often made trips to Vincennes, protected from the Indians by a number of armed men, to get barrels of salt for the neighbors.

FRANCIS M. HAYNES, attorney at law, of Washington, Ind.. was born in Lawrence County, this State, November 27, 1845, and is a son of John and Lavina (Sapp) Haynes, natives, respectively, of Kentucky and Maryland, and of Irish and German descent. John Haynes removed to Daviess County with his family in 1849, and located on a farm in Bogard Township, where he resided until his death July 22, 1875. Francis M. was reared on a farm, and secured a good literary education, preparing himself for teaching, which profession he followed for two years. At the age of twenty he began studying Blackstone, and in 1872 came to this city and read law in the office of Judge James T. Perce. He was admitted to the Daviess County bar in 1878, and formed a partnership with his preceptor (Perce) and practiced law with him until his removal from the city in 1880. He then practiced with Levi Reeves until 1883, when he continued by himself until 1885, and then formed a partnership with A. M. Hardy, and the firm stands among the foremost ranks in the legal profession to-day. January 31, 1865, he married Matilda J. Burkett, a native of the county. Mr. Haynes is a Republican in politics, and takes an active interest in the local campaigns in the county. In September, 1861, he enlisted as a private in Company G, Forty-second Indiana Volunteer Infantry, serving in this and Company I, Sixty-fifth Indiana Volunteer Infantry in the war of the Rebellion until July 13, 1865. He is a member of the Encampment of I. 0. 0. F. and G. A. R. He was wounded by the concussion of a shell at the battle of Resaca, Ga., producing spinal meningitis, from which he is still disabled. He receives a pension from the Government.

JUDGE DAVID J. HEFRON was born in Jennings County, Ind., February 18, 1842, and removed with his parents to Daviess County, Ind., and located on a farm in Barr Township, where he remained until about twenty years of age. He attended the township schools, and later was a student in the Mitchell High School. He taught for some time during the winter seasons and farmed during the summer, and afterward attended the literary department of the State University at Bloomington in 1866, and remained during the following year. He attended the law department of the same institution the winter of 1868-69, and came to Washington in February of the latter year, and entered the law office of Hon. John H. O'Neal. He was admitted to the bar and became a partner of Mr. O'Neal in 1870, and began practicing in 1871. This partnership was dissolved in 1872, but was resumed in 1874, and continued until the appointment of Mr. Hefron as judge of this circuit. The firm of O'Neal & Hefron was one of the most successful and prominent of law firms in the Second Congressional District, both gentlemen being attorneys of more than ordinary ability. Mr. Hefron was elected mayor of Washington in May, 1871, and re-elected in 1873. In 1876 he was chosen to represent Green and Daviess Counties in the State Legislature to fill an unexpired term of Hon. Andrew Humphrey, who had been elected to Congress. In 1878 he was re-elected to the State Senate for a term of four years, and was one of the most active members and the acknowledged leader of the Democratic senators. When the Forty-ninth Judicial Circuit was created, Gov. Gray immediately appointed Mr. Hefron judge of the new circuit, an appointment that met with universal approval. Politically Mr. Hefron is a Democrat, but a very liberal one. He is of Irish lineage, and was married, September 10, 1873, to Florence A. Barton, who died December 18, 1884, leaving four children. She was a daughter of Dr. G. G. Barton, of Washington, Ind. Our subject is essentially a self-made man.

HERMAN HIMBURG, was born in Prussia, Germany, October 19, 1832. He is the sixth of twelve children born to the marriage of Jacob Himburg and Mary Schram, who were also native Germans, and lived and died in their native land. Our subject was reared in a city of Germany, and obtained a good education in his native language, but never attended English schools. At the age of seventeen he left home and traveled as a barber over Europe until twenty-two years of age. He then came to America and located in Buffalo, N. Y., where he worked at his trade. At the end of six months he went to Canada, and after residing there four years he went to Louisville, Ky., where he remained about six months, and in 1858 moved to Washington, Ind., and worked at his trade about seven years, and also kept barroom. In 1872 or 1873 he moved to Lettsville, where he kept a store until October 17, 1884, when he was burned out with considerable loss. Since then he has followed farming exclusively, and now owns 333 acres of land well improved. He was united in marriage, January 22, 1855, to Mary Gento, a native of Germany, who came to America at the same time our subject did. Mr. Himburg is not a member of any church, but is a Lutheran in belief. Politically he has always been a Democrat, and has been postmaster of Lettsville for twelve years. He is a wide-awake business man and has the respect and esteem of all.

HIRAM HOGSHEAD was born in Daviess County, Ind., February 10, 1824, and is the third of ten children born to David and Mary (Logan) Hogshead, natives, respectively, of North Carolina and Kentucky. They were • married in Kentucky, and came to Martin County, Ind., where the father followed agricultural pursuits. After a short residence in that county they came to Daviess County, and there spent the remainder of their lives. They both died in 1879. Subject was reared on a farm near Washington, Ind., but received limited educational advantages. At the age of twenty-seven he married, and began farming and working at the cooper's trade, and continued that until 1863,when he came to Washington, and in connection with David Solomon worked very successfully at the cooper's trade for a short time. He then took a trip to California and Oregon, but soon returned to "Hoosierdom" and operated a saw-mill until about 1878, when he began the manufacture of tile, and still carries on that business. November 4, 1852, he wedded Martha Johnson, who died in 1861, having borne two children, one now living, Glenn (wife of William Frickie). October 1, 1862, Mr. Hogshead married his present wife, Susan Juvenall, a native of this county, born in 1834. These three children have blessed their union: Emma, Ephraim, and Mary. Mr. Hogshead is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and a Knight Templar of the Vincennes Commandery. In politics he has always been a Whig and Republican, and cast his first presidential vote for Taylor. He is a highly respected citizen, and an enterprising business man of the county.

ALBION HORRALL, postmaster, Washington, was born in Daviess County February 24, 1854, being the eldest of a family of seven children, five of whom are still living, born to Spillard F. and Jane (Crabb) Horrall, both natives of Daviess County, subject's grandfather having come to Daviess County by wagon from South Carolina in 1816, where he resided until his death in 1878. The father of our subject was prominent, and was for a number of years engaged in the newspaper business before the war. In September, 1861, he enlisted as second lieutenant of Company G, Forty-second Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, serving until the close of the war, and being promoted to first lieutenant and captain, and later was made an officer on Gen. John Beatty's staff. After the close of the war he was local editor of the Evansville Journal six years, and of the Evansville Courier one year. He was then local editor of the Terre Haute Gazette one year, when he returned to Washington and bought the Washington Gazette, which he conducted five or six years. He then removed to Vincennes and started the Vincennes Commercial, which he conducted three or four years, when he again returned to Washington and started the Weekly Commercial, which he ran, however, only a short time. Since then he has resided in Washington, retired from active labor. The subject of this sketch was brought up in the newspaper business with his father, his education having been obtained in the public schools and completed at Evansville. When he was seventeen years old he worked one year as mailing clerk on the Evansville Courier, and then one year on the Terre Haute Evening Gazette. Coming then to Washington he worked at the case in the office of the Washington Gazette until he was twenty-one years old, when he entered into partnership with his father on that paper, and later in the Vincennes Commercial, continuing thus until his appointment as postmaster at Washington in 1877. This position he filled faithfully and efficiently until 1886. In politics he has always been a stanch Republican and an active worker for his party. He is a Mason and a member of the I. 0. 0. F. He was married February 22, 1878, to Miss Mamie Harris, daughter of William P. Harris, deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Horrall have three children: Pearl, Laura, and Pansy. Mr. Horrall attends the Methodist Episcopal Church, of which his family are members.

ELISHA HYATT (deceased) may be mentioned as one of the men who figured conspicuously in the financial affairs of the county. He was born in Mason County, Ky., October 4, 1809, and died December 31, 1885, at his home in Washington, Ind. He was a son of Thomas and Margaret Hyatt, and has been a resident of Daviess County since 1823. He remained on the farm and aided his parents until twenty-four years of age. After making several trips to New Orleans by boat, he engaged in the mercantile business with Thomas B. Graham, but the partnership was dissolved in 1842. He afterward operated a distillery for two years, and later was a partner with William Helpenstein in merchandising. Since 1875 he has been engaged in farming, steam-boating, pork-packing, timber traffic, and was president of the Hyatt, Leving & Co.'s Bank of Washington, Ind., which failed in 1884, causing him to lose his valuable estates and property. He was married in December, 1839, to Martha Beazley, a native of the county, born in 1817. To their union eight children were born, these five now living: Elizabeth (wife of Isaac Parsons, of Vincennes), Hiram, Lydia (wife of Hugh Rogers), Richard, and Elisha. Politically Mr. Hyatt was a Whig and Republican, and has been a zealous member of his party.. His credit was almost unlimited, and he was recognized by all as one who did much to benefit Daviess County and the city of Washington.

HON. JOHN HYATT, a prominent citizen of Daviess County, was born in Mason County, Ky., September 4, 1814. He is one of the four surviving members of a family of three sons and four daughters born to Thomas and Margaret (McPherson) Hyatt. The father, who was of German descent, was born in Hyattstown, Md. ; removed to Kentucky when he was a young man, married there and in 1823 moved to Daviess County, Ind. Here, he purchased what has since been known as the -Hyatt" farm, one-half mile north of Washington, upon which he resided until his death a short time before the breaking out of the war of the Rebellion. He was well and favorably known throughout the county as one of its most enterprising and successful farmers, and as a moral, upright man. The mother of John Hyatt was of Irish descent, of Pennsylvania birth, and died on the homestead five years after the death of her husband. John Hyatt was brought up on the farm with his parents, and secured a limited education in the primitive schools of Daviess County, but he greatly improved upon this rudimentary education in later life by actual and continued contact with business life. After attaining his majority he engaged as clerk with the firm of Graham & Hyatt, and continued with them four or five years. In 1839 he engaged. in the grocery business in Washington on his own account, continuing in that business exclusively two years, at the end of which time he added dry goods to his stock, and conducted these two kinds of business until 1875 without interruption. By thirty-five years' experience and attention to business he succeeded in establishing a large and lucrative trade and a comfortable competency. Unfortunately, however, in later years, he became crippled financially by security, which illustrates the generous nature of Mr. Hyatt, and at the same time the folly of becoming surety for a friend. Mr. Hyatt was originally an old-time Whig, but is now a Green-backer. In 1840 he was elected recorder of Daviess County, serving seven years. In 1868 he was elected by the Democratic party to represent them in the Indiana State Legislature, serving in the session of 1869, and resigning with others on account of the trouble occasioned by the introduction of the fifteenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States. He was re-elected to the called session of 1869.
He has always taken an active interest in public and private enterprises in the county, and has especially devoted his attention and means to educational advancement. He has been a member of the school board a number of times and also of the city council. He is a member of the I. 0. 0. F., and while he is not a member of any sectarian church, yet he believes mainly in the teachings of the Bible and extends a helping hand to the church. Mr. Hyatt has been married four times, and has lost three wives by death. By his first wife, who was Miss Elizabeth J. Gastings, he was the father of seven children, four of whom are now living: Henry H., Fielding A., Samuel and Anna A., the latter now Mrs. William Gibson, of Salina, Kas. By his second wife, who was Mary Burns, he had one child, Charles, who is still living. By his marriage with Elizabeth Bruner he had three children, two of whom are now living: Cora (Mrs. E. R. Tuttle, of St. Louis), and Anna (Mrs. Charles Ohmer, of Indianapolis). He was married to his present wife, formerly Bertha Brayfield, May 12, 1874. By her he has two children: Francis and Edgar.

GEORGE HYATT was the second of five children born to William and Rebecca (Read) Hyatt, both natives of the county, and grandson of Thomas Hyatt, who was born in Kentucky and came to Indiana in 1823, and settled on the farm where our subject now lives. He was a prominent man of the county, and all the Hyatts of the county are his descendants. He died September 22, 1848. His wife, Margaret (McFerran) Hyatt, died May 17, 1858. Our subject's father was born in 1823 on a farm, and there lived until about forty-five years of age, when he moved to town and was engaged in the merchandise business for six or seven years. He then retired from that business and dealt in stock, and at his death, June 2, 1885, owned 300 acres of fine land adjoining town. He was twice married. By his first wife, Rebecca A. Read, whom he married November 23, 1847, he became the father of these children: Mary, George, Margaret, Helen and Rebecca. This wife died April 2, 1858, and he then married Margaret McClure, who bore him one child—Thomas. His last marriage was September 11, 1884, to Mrs. Ella A. Coup, who survives him. Our immediate subject was born July 10, 1850, and was reared on the farm and secured a good education in the graded schools. At the age of twenty-eight he went to California, but remained there but six months, when he returned and engaged in the general merchandise business in Epsom. At the end of three years he purchased an interest in the Washington Mills and Foundry, which was afterward destroyed by fire. In August, 1885, he began farming on the old place and now owns 270 acres of land, part of which is adjacent to town and very valuable. September 4, 1881, he was married to Florence R. Carter, a native of the county. They have these three children: William, Alice and Mary. He is a member of the I. 0. 0. F., and a Republican in politics.

HENRY H. HYATT was born in Washington, Ind., June 22, 1842, and is the second of six children born to John and Elizabeth J. (Geetings) Hyatt. He was raised in the city and secured a common school education. At the age of seventeen he enlisted in Company D, Twenty-fourth Indiana Volunteers July 2, 1861, and served his country three years, but remained uninjured. After his return home he engaged with his father and brother in the dry goods business, continuing very successfully until 1883. He then took charge of the Hyatt House until 1885, when he abandoned that work, and is not now actively engaged in business. He owns 780 acres of land, a portion of which is the finest in the county in regard to fertility and location. He was married September 5, 1864, to Mary E. Hoffmeister, a native of the county and daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth Hoffraeister, of this city. To them were born six children, two of whom died in infancy. Those living are Clara, Hattie, Elizabeth and Robert C. Mr. Hyatt is a Knight Templar Mason, Encampment of Odd Fellows and Uniform Degree of G. A. R., K. of H. and K. of P. He and family are members of the Presbyterian Church, and in politics he is a very zealous Republican. He has been connected with the business interests of the city since attaining his majority, and is one of the first citizens of the county.

JOHN JACKSON, farmer and stock raiser, is a native of the " Sucker State," born February 15, 1830, son of Daniel and Alice (Colbert) Jackson, and is of Irish descent, and the seventh of thirteen children. His father was born in N. Y. in 1797, and his mother in Ohio in 1804. The grandfather was born in Ireland, but came to America and died in Pennsylvania. The Jackson family came to Daviess County, Ind., about 1830 and settled in Washington Township for a few years and then moved to Harrison Township, where the father died in 1879, and his mother in 1880. Our subject spent his boyhood days on a farm, and received but little schooling. At the age of twenty-one he began for himself and worked by the month for two years, and then began farming on his own responsibility. In 1880 he moved on his present farm, and now owns 713 acres of land, nearly all of which is well improved. He was married, in November, 1856, to Miss Melinda Chapman, born in Harrison Township in 1837, daughter of R. S. Chapman. They have six children, viz.: Eli M., Milton M., Charles M., Anna M., Stella M. and Harlie M. Mr. Jackson is a Republican in his political views, and is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. He takes great interest in the advancement of agriculture, and is noted as a breeder of short-horn cattle and fine hogs. He and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and he is one of the leading farmers of the county.

NATHAN H. JEPSON, watch-maker and jeweler of Washington, Ind., was born in Belmont County, Ohio, January, 28, 1835, and is a son of John and Hannah (Hunt) Jepson, both natives of Lancastershire, England. The former came to the United States as early as 1825, locating first in Troy, N. Y., and seven years later removed to Belmont County, Ohio. Here he followed farming until late in life, when he devoted his attention to mercantile pursuits, in which he remained engaged until disqualified for business by old age. He died in Belmont County in February, 1884, in his ninetieth year. The subject of this sketch was brought up by his parents in St. Clairsville, Ohio, where he obtained a fair literary education. He clerked in his father's store until he was nineteen years old, when he went to Cadiz, Harrison Co., Ohio, to learn the watch-maker's and jeweler's trade. Remaining there one and a half years he engaged in the business for himself at Steubenville, Ohio. In 1864 he enlisted in Company B, One Hundred and Fifty-seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served in that regiment four months as orderly sergeant. At the close of the war he established himself in business at Urbana, Ohio, where he remained until 1870, when he came to Washington, Ind., where he has continued at the same business ever since. He carries a full and select line of watches, clocks, jewelry and silverware, and enjoys a large trade both in the city and county. Mr. Jepson is a sound Republican in politics, and has taken an active interest in the welfare of his party since his residence in the county. He was a member of the Republican State Central Committee during the campaign of 1882, but declined the position in 1884, as he was a candidate for nomination to the office of secretary of State before the Republican convention. He has been chairman of the city Republican committee a number of years, was a member of city council two years, and has on several occasions declined the nomination for mayor. He is a member of the U. S. Grant Post, No. 72, G. A. R., of Washington. In 1863 he was married to Miss Elizabeth Black, a native of Columbiana County, Ohio. They have three children: John S., Lucy T, and Jessie Hunt. Both Mr. and Mrs. Jepson are members of the Presbyterian Church, he himself being one of the deacons, and he is universally and justly recognized as one of the leading, enterprising and successful business men of the community.

JAMES JOHNSON, the subject of this sketch, was born in Pennsylvania in the year 1752, was of Scotch parentage, and at the age of about thirty-eight, immigrated to what was then the Territory of Indiana. He, with nine other families, ran down the Ohio River, on what was known as keel-boats, until the Wabash was reached. Then those few pioneers poled, pulled, and rowed up the river until the little French town of Vincennes was reached, where they disembarked, and for a time mingled with the French and Indians. These were the first Americans that made a permanent residence in Knox County, if not the first in the State. These people had moved to the New World with the hope of bettering their condition in life, and they, being farmers by occupation, were satisfied with the outlook near Vincennes, and soon became settled on Government land, cleared the forests and were rewarded by successfully reaping largely of their growing crops. This colony was composed of brave and daring spirits, and most of that company lived to a green old age Mr. Johnson was blessed with a family of thirteen children ; the greater number of them lived to settle in life before their father's death, which occurred about 1833, being buried with the honors of war, he having for three years been a soldier in the Revolutionary war. So fell this man of toil, who was willing to leave home, nativity, and all that he held dear, that in the wilds of the far West, he might rear a home and leave a competency for his family. His ashes lie in an almost forgotten and neglected family burying ground in Knox County, and according to his religious belief will rest until he shall " meet the Lord in the air." He has many descendants yet living.

JOHN L. JOHNSON, the eldest son of the above sketch, was born in 1782, and when a small youth with his father, shared the wilds of a Western life; he could at the age of ninety years, name each one of the ten families, who together, in 1790, came to the "territory of Knox:" he retained to a remarkable degree his memory to the day of his death. He died to the advanced age of ninety-two years ; for sixty-five years he lived continuously in the same home in Daviess County; his companion during all this time, sharing his trials and joys, died two months later. He was a soldier in the war of 1812, and participated in a number of important engagements, and at the time of his death was a pensioner on the Government, because of services rendered in that war. His politics were those of his father, Whig, and later Republican; his religious sympathies were with the Methodist Episcopal Church, he having been identified with that denomination from boyhood. " He now rests from his labors." One of his brothers, Friend, moved West with the retreating Indians; he was a silversmith by trade. He died near Muscatine, Iowa. Another brother, Elijah, who was born in 1796, met his death by a falling tree in 1848, in Daviess County, Ind. His religion and politics were the same as his elder brother's. He left a family of nine children, eight of whom are still living, and whose average age is fifty-four years. William Johnson, a brother, was said to be the first American child born in the State of Indiana; in politics he differed from the rest, as he died a Democrat. George, the youngest, is at this writing alive, being the only one left of the large family. His seventy-seven years sit lightly upon him; he now lives near Sumner, Ill.

ALFRED E. JOHNSON, farmer, was born in Washington Township, March 2, 1840, son of Elijah and Mildred (Horrell) Johnson. The family is of Scotch origin, and the fathei was born in what is now Knox County, Ind., in 1796, and the mother in South Carolina, in 1802. The grandfather was Peter Johnson, a Pennsylvanian, born in 1758, and immigrated to what is now Indiana in 1790. He was a Revolutionary soldier and died in Daviess County at a ripe old age. The mother died in 1855. Alfred E. grew to manhood on the old Johnson homestead, and secured a common school education. In July, 1861, he enlisted in Company I, Twenty-fourth Indiana" Volunteer Infantry, for three years or during the war. He was at the siege of Vicksburg, Champion Hills, Edwards' Ferry, Jackson, Miss., and Mobile. He was wounded at Champion Hills, and received his discharge in 1865. He has since farmed and owns seventy-four acres of well-improved land. He was married, October 13, 1870, to Miss F. E. Bachelor, a native of Washington Township, born in 1824. They have four children, viz.: Hugh C., Elva M., Edie L. and Grant C. He is a Republican, a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and has been a member of the I. 0. 0. F. since 1864.

NELSON JOHNSON, a representative of one of the first Indiana families, farmer, and one of the leading stockmen of this county, vice-president of the Daviess County Agricultural Society, was born in Veal Township, this county, January 3, 1835, son of Elijah and Mildred (Horrell) Johnson, and of Scotch descent. Of eight children he is the sixth. At one year of age he was, by his parents, removed to where he now lives, on what is known as the old Johnson homestead, which consisted of eighty acres. He came into possession of the homestead in 1855. He engaged in farming in early life, and has since continued, and now owns 285 acres of good land. For fifteen years he has been paying attention to stock and stock raising, and has made several trips to Canada in stock interests. He has many fine Cotswold sheep and Clydesdale horses. He was married, in 1854, to Miss Martha E. Hummer, a native of Knox County. They have five children: Theodore, William S., Hayden H., Emmons and Dovie. He is a Republican, and joined the Methodist Episcopal Church at fourteen years of age. His wife is a member of the same church. He has been very successful and is one of the representative farmers of the county.

CAPT. ZACHARIAH JONES, a highly respected citizen of Daviess County, was born in Pottsville, Penn., September 28, 1841, and is one of five living children of Renna and Louisa (Madara) Jones, natives, respectively, of South Carolina and Pennsylvania. His father came to Daviess County with his parents at an early day and lived here until he had arrived at the age of manhood, when he returned to Pennsylvania, married and lived in that State until 1861. He then returned to Daviess County, and has since resided. here on a farm. The subject of this sketch was reared on a farm and secured a common school education in his youthful days. At the age of ten he began learning the cigar-maker's trade, which he followed until 1861, when he enlisted in the Sixth Pennsylvania Infantry, serving out the time of his enlistment—three months. He then came to Daviess County and enlisted in Company H, Fifty-eighth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, serving until the close of the war. He was promoted from orderly sergeant to second and first lieutenant, and was brevetted captain at the close of the war. After the battle of Stone River he was appointed. to the staff of Gen. Buell, and was serving on Gen. Hooker's staff when mustered out of service. He returned to Washington and engaged in the cigar and tobacco business, which he continued with good success until 1873. This business he resumed in 1876 and conducted until 1885, when he engaged in the general grocery business, which he is now conducting with a fair measure of success. He carries a full and select stock of goods and enjoys a large share of trade. He has always been a stanch Republican, and in 1878 was elected by his party sheriff of Daviess County, serving one term faithfully and efficiently. He is a Mason and a member of the I. 0. 0. F. In 1865 he was married to Eliza A. Eads, by whom he had four children, three of whom are now living: Alfred C., Cora C. and Lucy May.

WILLIAM H. JONES, a prominent farmer of Daviess County, Ind., was the second of eight children, whose parents were Thomas H., and Ruth L. (Freeland) Jones, who were natives of this county. The father was born in Reeve Township, in 1824; and followed the occupation of farming all his life, and proved very successful in that calling. At the time of his marriage he was $50 in debt and at his death, in 1876, was worth probably $20,000. The mother was born in 1832, and died in 1882. They were married in 1849. The paternal grandfather, William Jones, was one of the early pioneer settlers of Daviess County, Ind., and was a native of North Carolina. The immediate subject of this sketch was born in Reeve Township, September 18, 1852. He secured a common school education, and attended a six months' term at Washington. He remained with his parents until twenty-two years of age, when he married and located on the farm where he now lives, which was then part of the father's farm. He has been exceptionally prosperous as a farmer, and his farm is under excellent cultivation. October 25, 1874, he was married to Mary Jane Isnogle, a native of the county, born September 17, 1852. Five children were born to them: Oscar (deceased), Ophia, Gertrude, Florence (deceased) and Jacob. Mr. Jones and wife are church members, and he has always been a Republican politically, and is one of the first men of the county.

JARIT KEITH, a very prominent farmer and native of Daviess County, Ind., was born January 22, 1821. He is the fourth of eleven children born to the marriage of George H. Keith and Abbariller Perkins. The father was born in Georgia in 1790, and died in 1858, and the mother born in Kentucky in 1795, and died in 1879. The father was a farmer, and came to this county as early as 1819, and was one of the first men of the county. Jarit was reared on the home farm, but only secured such education as could be obtained in the schoolhouses of pioneer times. At the age of twenty-three he began farming for himself, and two years later located near Edwardsport, where he remained. one year, and then purchased land in Knox County, where he remained until the spring of 1860, and then moved to his present place—the old homestead farm. He has been very prosperous in his enterprises, and now owns over 1,600 acres, nearly all of which is very fine land. He has large barns and a commodious two-story frame residence with convenient surroundings. December 25, 1844, he was united in marriage to Rhoda Jane Lester, a native of the county. To them were born ten children, seven now living: William H., George, Isaac H., Julia A., Louis, Martha and Mary J. His wife is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Mr. Keith is and always has been a zealous Republican, but has never aspired to office. He is a good example of the self-made man, as he started in life a poor boy, and now is one of the wealthiest land holders in the county. Besides this he has the good will and respect of all who know him.

JOHN H KIDWELL, recorder of Daviess County, was born in Washington County, Ky., June 12, 1844. In 1848 his parents removed to Daviess County, Ind., and settled on a farm near St. Mary's Church, Barr Township. On this farm the subject of this sketch lived until he was twelve years old, when he went to Montgomery Station and clerked in a store about eleven years. In 1868 he was elected trustee of Barr Township, and served two terms. In 1878 he removed to Washington and became a candidate for the nomination to the office of recorder, and stood second on the list of about a dozen candidates, being defeated by John Whitesides. After this defeat he clerked four years in the boot and shoe store of John Reinsel in Washington. In November, 1882, he was elected by the Democratic party recorder of the county, over Solomon Williams, by a majority of 389. Mr. Kidwell was married, in 1865, to Miss Barbara E. Dant, by whom he has six children—four sons and two daughters. Mr. Kidwell is a good officer, polite and obliging to all. He is an excellent gentleman and a member of the Catholic Church.

THOMAS J. LAVELLE, a prominent citizen and native of Daviess County, Ind., was born March 28, 1845, and is a son of Michael Lavelle, of this county. He was reared on a farm with his parents, and secured a good literary education. At the age of seventeen he began teaching in this county, and followed that occupation until thirty years of age, and met with good and well deserved success in this profession. In 1874 he was elected to the office of auditor of Daviess County, by the Democratic party, and removed to Washington, where he filled the office in a very commendable way. He was re-elected in 1878, being the only candidate on the Democratic ticket elected to office that year. In 1883 his brother, James C., was elected to the office, and since that time he has served as deputy under him. Mr. Lavelle is an unswerving Democrat in politics, and has taken an active interest in the political affairs of the county for the past two years. He is a member of the Catholic Church, and is recognized as one of the enterprising and successful citizens of the county. He is quite well-to-do, financially, and owns a one-half interest in the dry goods store of Menzel & Co., of Washington.

JAMES CALLISTUS LAVELLE, auditor of DaviPss County, was born in Barr Township October 14, 1848. He worked upon his father's farm and attended the district schools of the township until he was qualified to enter the Washington High School. After spending one term at this school, he spent a year at the State University at Bloomington, and a year at Notre Dame University, a Catholic institution in the northern part of the State. He taught school six terms in Barr Township and learned telegraphy in the Ohio & Mississippi office at Montgomery. For some time he had charge of the telegraph offices at Eldorado, Shawneetown and Enfield, in Illinois, on the line of railroad then called the St. Louis & Southeastern. During the time he worked at telegraphy he studied medicine and acquired a knowledge of the profession, but never practiced except to attend a few cases with Dr. Campbell at Loogootee, where he spent a year. In 1876 he became deputy auditor, under his brother, Thomas J. Lavelle, who had been elected to the office in 1874. He has been continuously in the auditor's office since that time, his brother having been re-elected in 1878. In 1882 he was nominated by the Democratic party as their candidate for county auditor, and after a hard-fought battle was elected over the Republican candidate, Milton Haynes, by a majority of 582, showing that he drew a large number of Republican votes. While he has been in the auditor's office he has invented and constructed several valuable forms for simplifying the office work, among them a record for school fund bonds and an apportionment record, the latter showing the settlement made by the auditor with the treasurer. This record has been largely adopted by auditors throughout the State. He has also invented a form of record for the use of assessors, a book containing both the assessments and statistical reports. This record has been patented and its general use would save thousands of dollars annually to the State. Mr. Lavelle was married, February 18, 1879, to Miss Mattie Thompson, only daughter of Ephriam Thompson. They have one child, a daughter. Mr. Lavelle is a member of the ancient order of Hibernians and of the Catholic Church.

H. L. LOORBIDGE, proprietor of the principal livery barn of the city, was born in Franklin, Tenn., March 24, 1857, and was. the eldest of five children born to the marriage of William Lochridge and Elizabeth Horton, who were natives of South Carolina and Virginia, and born in 1819 and 1822, respectively.. They were married in Tennessee and have since made their home in Franklin, where the father dealt in general merchandise until recently, when he retired from active business life. Our subject was reared in his native town, where he obtained a fair education, and afterward attended college at Nashville for four years. At the age of seventeen he left home and began the agency business and later was a traveling agent for a clothing house. In December, 1884, he located at Washington, Ind., and engaged in the livery business, in which he has done well financially. He has the best stock in the city and the leading trade.. August 23, 1882, he was married to Leanore Smith, a native of West Virginia. They have one child, a daughter, named Leo, born November 27, 1883. In politics he is a Democrat, and is a highly respected business man of the city.

REV. T. A. LONG was born in Hawkins County, East Tennessee, November 15, 1832, son of William and Mary (Ball) Long, who were born in Tennessee in 1804 and 1799, respectively. His paternal grandfather was from Virginia, and his maternal ancestors were natives of Pennsylvania. He removed with his parents to Indiana when about ten years, old and settled in Daviess County, about three miles from Washington. Here our subject was, reared until of age. He received a common school education and afterward attended college at South Hanover, Ind., where he prepared himself for the ministry. After completing his studies he came home and entered the conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church. September 15, 1855, he was appointed pastor of a circuit in Pike County, and was for thirty years a minister in Pike, Green, Daviess, Lawrence, Harrison and Washington Counties. September 14, 1854, he was married to Sarah J. Bachelor, a native of Daviess County, who died April 6, 1864, having borne these five children: Frank C., Martha A., Ida P. (deceased), John B. and Inda R (deceased). Mr. Long married Mary Batchelor September 18, 1864, who bore him these children: Laura A., Enoch E., Ezra H. and Lillie M. Subject gave up the ministerial work in 1875, having broken down in voice, and returned to the farm. He was the means of bringing 1,000 souls into the church, and married 262 couples and preached 350 funeral sermons. He is a Republican and is an ancient member of the Odd Fellows. He has eighty-two acres of land, under which lie beds of coal. His wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and both are beloved and respected by all.

JOSEPH C. LORD, superintendent Washington Gas Works, was born in Manchester, England, January 17, 1853, and is a son of Charles and Sarah (Ashton) Lord, both natives of England, where the former died and where the latter still resides. The subject of this sketch was brought up and educated in England by his parents. At the age of ten years he became engaged with his father in his present line of business, and remained thus engaged until 1873, when he came to the United States. At first he took charge of the gas works at Warren, Penn., and then in 1874 superintended the building of the gas works at Ashtabula, Ohio, and for a short time afterward had charge of them. He then took charge of the gas-fitting department of the Shelbyville, Ind., Gas Works; then held the same position at Crawfordsville, Ind. ; next at Anderson, Ind., and finally, in 1876, came to Washington and took charge of the gas-fitting in the construction of the Washington Gas Works, and upon their completion was made superintendent of them, which office he has ever since continued to fill in a faithful and efficient manner. Mr. Lord also conducted the Meredith Hotel during the years 1882-83, but was compelled to relinquish the duties of this position in order to attend more closely to the duties of superintendent of the gas works. In 1875 he was marrried to Mrs. Esther Bonner, of Anderson, Ind., by whom he has two children: Charles P. and Esther. In politics Mr. Lord is a Democrat.

THOMAS LYNCH may be mentioned as one of the prominent farmers of Daviess County, Lid. He is a son of Jesse and Martha (Bradford) Lynch, who were born and reared in North Carolina, and about 1814 came to Daviess County, Ind., with their parents. Here they married, lived and died. The father was a blacksmith, and had one of the leading shops in the city. He died when Thomas was quite a small boy. The mother lived until about 1870. Our subject was born and reared in Washington, his birth occurring in 1824, but obtained a limited education. At the age of fourteen he began making his home with his uncle, and remained with him until his death. He then rented his uncle's land, and now owns 150 acres of the best farming land in the county. In 1855 he was united in marriage to Minerva Samples, a native of the county. To them were born these children: Emma (wife of Robert Brown), Della (wife of Andrew Palmer), Grace (wife of Dickson Carroll), George and William. All are doing welL Politically he has been a Republican all his life, and is a prominent man of the county.

MRS. J. L. MARMADUKE is the widow of Milton Marmaduke, who was born in Mason County, Ky. His parents were natives of Virginia and Kentucky, and he was born April 31, 1823, and when nine months old was brought to Indiana by his parents and located near Washington. When Milton was about sixteen years old his father died, and he was left to assist his mother and care for his brothers and sisters, and was given the homestead farm of forty acres, on which he lived until his death. A few years previous to his death he took an interest in the furniture business with his brother Silas, in Washington, continuing two years, when he sold out to John Cruse. His death occurred November 22, 1877. February 10, 1853, he was married to Sallie Arthur, daughter of John and Nancy Arthur, who bore one child: Frank, now living in Kansas. His wife died in August, 1864, and he took for his second wife Jane L. Feagans, daughter of Derostos and Maria (Robinson) Feagans, of Kentucky. She was born August 10, 1836, and bore these five children: William W., Jesse D., James L., Carrie L. (deceased) and one who died in infancy. In politics Mr. Marmaduke was a Republican, and was a member of the Baptist Church from early life. At the time of his death he owned 200 acres of land, and bad other valuable property. His widow and her three children now reside in Washington, and she owns seventy-six acres of the old homestead, besides her town property.

FREDERICK A. MENZEL, druggist, of Washington, Ind., was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, June 1, 1854. His parents were Gustavus A. and Caroline Menzel, who were Germans by descent, but natives, respectively, of England and Germany. Our subject was raised in Cincinnati, Ohio, where he secured a good literary and business education. At the age of thirteen he engaged in the drug business in that city, acquiring a thorough knowledge of the business, and graduating from the Cincinnati College of Pharmacy in 1874. In March, 1875, he came to this city, and was engaged as clerk for S. T. Baldwin & Co. until 1883, when he purchased a one-half interest in the business, and has since conducted it very successfully under the firm name of Menzel & Co., .Thomas J. Lavelle being his partner. They carry a full and choice line of drugs, oils and paints, in which they do an extensive wholesale and retail business. They also keep a full line of fancy and toilet articles, books and stationery, and control a large share of the trade in city and county. Their goods occupy the first and second stories, besides a small warehouse near the depot. Mr. Menzel is a member of the Democratic party, and belongs to the Lutheran Church.

THOMAS MEREDITH was born in South Carolina in the year 1789. He served in the war of 1812, in a regiment from South Carolina. He immigrated. to Daviess County, Ind., in 1815, and was married to Elizabeth Ruggles, who at the age of eleven years came to the same county with her parents and grandparents from Maysville, Mason Co., Ky. The country was so sparsely settled, and the Indians so troublesome, they were compelled to seek safety in Purcell's Fort. Thomas Meredith continued to live in Daviess County till his death in 1859, aged seventy years. Thomas Meredith was the father of ten children, all of whom lived to manhood and womanhood except one. The house of Thomas Meredith was used for a place of worship until the Methodist Society could afford better accommodation. Grandma Meredith, who is still living at the age of eighty-seven, has the honor of having made the first carpet for the Methodist Episcopal Church in Washington. Of Thomas Meredith there are twenty-three living grandchildren, and eighteen dead, and of great-grandchildren seventeen are living, and eighteen are dead. The children of Thomas Meredith are William S. Meredith, born February 3, 1818; Burrill T. Meredith, born December 23, 1819; James H. Meredith, born January 28, 1822; Thomas A. Meredith, born July 17, 1825, died March 30, 1885; Rachel J. (Tate) Meredith, born December 3, 1857; Mary A. (Cloud) Meredith, born July 4, 1830; Elizabeth (Haynes) Meredith, born February 28, 1832, died February 24, 1884; Martha M. Meredith, born June 4, 1835, died July 15, 1835; Aaron H. Meredith, born September 18, 1836, died March 16, 1871; and Elisha A. Meredith, born July 1, 1839. Of the grandsons is W. R. Meredith, born February 28, 1845. Young Meredith began his business career by selling newspapers. He afterward engaged in the mercantile trade for a short time, and when the clash of arms came he volunteered into the service, and served through the war. After his return from the war he began trading in horses, mules, and selling carriages, and soon after engaged in the livery business, which he still follows. Mr. W. R. Meredith is now the owner of a good stable and several farms. and is considered one of the best financiers of the county.

CAPT. SAMUEL H. MULHOLLAND, of Washington, was born in Wyandotte County, Ohio, February 25, 1836, being one of a family of seven children born to Richard and Margaret (Harmon) Mulholland, natives, respectively, of Pennsylvania and Virginia. Samuel H. was brought up by his parents in his native county, and there secured a fair English education. At the age of seventeen he learned the cabinet-making business, and worked at the trade until he was twenty years of age. He then left the parental roof and came to Washington, where he started a cabinet-maker's shop. One year later he took in as partner John Mattingly, and they continued in the business with a fair measure of success until the breaking out of the war, when Mr Mulholland organized Company I, Sixty-fifth Indiana -Volunteer Infantry, and served as captain of the company during the entire period of the war. After the close of the war he returned to Washington Township and engaged in farming until 1878, when he removed to Washington, and assisted in organizing the Washington Furniture Company, and managed its business one year. He then opened a sales-room for furniture, and has conducted this business successfully ever since. Capt. Mulholland is a sound, consistent Republican, and has taken an active part in politics. He was elected trustee of Washington Township in 1870, and was re-elected in 1872. He was again elected in 1878, and served one more term in a faithful and efficient manner. He served as member of city council during 1883 and 1884. He is a Royal Arch Mason, is a member of the K. of H., and of the G. A. R., and is justly regarded as an enterprising and successful business man, and as a moral and upright citizen. Mr. Mulholland was married, in November, 1868, to Ellen Kidwell, a 'native of Daviess County, by whom he has three children, named Martha A., Sarah J., and Stella.

FRANK A. MYERS, editor and manager of the Washington Gazelle, was born near Strasburg, Tuscarawas Co., Ohio, December 28, 1848, being a son of the Rev. Absalom and Nancy (Gorsage) Myers, both natives of Ohio. His parents removed to Daviess County in 1861, the father locating first in Van Buren Township, and soon after in Barr Township, where he purchased a farm upon which he still resides. The subject of this sketch was reared with his parents, secured a good literary education, and graduated from the Hartsville (Indiana) University in 1875. During his attendance at this University he started a newspaper called the Literary Ensign, conducting it until he left college, and selling it at that time. He also taught school in this county in order to secure means to enable him to finish his education. He made teaching his profession from 1875 to 1878, when, on account of failing health, he relinquished the profession of teaching, and became city editor of the Columbus (Indiana) Daily Republican, a posi